Commercial law refers to the body of law applicable to business activities. This set of rules has been developed to meet the needs of professionals. In its broadest sense, commercial law encompasses various areas: banking law, financial law, competition law, intellectual property law, business criminal law, distribution law, insolvency law, commercial lease law, among others. Due to this vast diversity of legal fields, commercial law is also known as "business law."
Historically, commercial law was created to address the legal needs of merchants, leading to the drafting of the Commercial Code (Code de commerce). This specific category of law developed alongside civil law to facilitate the conclusion and execution of commercial transactions. The legal security of these operations is further reinforced, particularly concerning payment methods, the granting of credit, or guarantees in case of borrower default.